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Jewish holiday

Tisha B'Av תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב

The saddest day of the Jewish year, a fast mourning the destruction of both Temples in Jerusalem.

Greeting: (People do not greet each other on Tisha B'Av.) Tzom Kal ("an easy fast")

Tisha B'Av
Rembrandt, Jeremiah Lamenting the Destruction of Jerusalem (1630), Rijksmuseum. Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

The story

On the 9th of Av both the First Temple (586 BCE) and the Second Temple (70 CE) were destroyed. Over the centuries other tragedies happened around this date, such as the expulsion of the Jews from Spain in 1492. It ends the period of the Three Weeks, which begins with the fast of the 17th of Tammuz.

How it is observed

It is a full fast of about 25 hours, from sunset to nightfall. In the synagogue people sit on the floor or on low stools in dim light and read the Book of Lamentations (Eichah) and elegies (kinot). Leather shoes are not worn, and greetings are avoided.

Reading and psalm

The Book of Lamentations is read on the night of Tisha B'Av, and the kinot are recited in the morning.

Customs and foods

Sitting lowLike mourners, people sit on the floor or on low stools.
EichahThe Book of Lamentations is chanted in a mournful melody.
The Three WeeksFrom the 17th of Tammuz no weddings or celebrations take place.
HopeTradition says the Messiah will be born on Tisha B'Av, turning it into a day of joy.

Celebrate as a family

Talk with older children about kindness to others, since the sages teach that the Temple was destroyed because of baseless hatred.

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